针对性护理在心律失常中的应用
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欧阳静琳
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柳州市人民医院，广西柳州，545006
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摘要：目的 探究基于多维度评估模型的针对性护理在心律失常患者康复中的应用价值及其对患者心理状态、生活质量与临床结局的影响。方法 将180 例心律失常患者随机分为研究组与对照组（各90例）。对照组接受常规护理。研究组在常规护理基础上，实施基于多维度评估模型（涵盖认知、心理、社会支持、并发症风险及生活质量五个维度）的针对性护理干预。比较两组干预后6 个月的心理状态（SAS/SDS）、生活质量（SF-36）、自我管理能力（CSMS）、主要不良心血管事件（MACE）发生率、再住院率及护理满意度。结果 两组基线资料可比（P>0.05）。干预后6 个月，研究组的焦虑与抑郁评分均显著低于对照组，而生活质量（SF-36 各维度）及自我管理能力评分均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。此外，研究组的MACE 发生率（4.44% vs 14.44%）与再住院率（6.67% vs 17.78%）均显著更低，护理满意度更高（P<0.05）。结论 基于多维度评估模型的针对性护理能精准识别并满足心律失常患者的个体化需求，有效改善其心理状态、生活质量与自我管理能力，同时显著降低远期不良事件风险与再住院率。该模式体现了精准化、个体化护理理念，具备重要的临床推广价值。
关健词：针对性护理；心律失常；应用
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Application of targeted nursing in arrhythmia
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Jinglin Ouyang
Liuzhou People's Hospital，Liuzhou Guangxi 545006，China
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Abstract: Objective To explore the application value of targeted nursing based on a multidimensional assessment model in the rehabilitation of patients with arrhythmia and its impact on patients' psychological status, quality of life, and clinical outcomes. Methods A total of 180 patients with arrhythmia were randomly divided into a study group and a control group (90 cases each). The control group received routine nursing care. The study group, in addition to routine nursing care, received targeted nursing interventions based on a multidimensional assessment model (covering five dimensions: cognition, psychology, social support, risk of complications, and quality of life). The psychological status (SAS/SDS), quality of life (SF-36), self-management ability (CSMS), incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), readmission rate, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups at 6 months post-intervention. Results The baseline data of the two groups were comparable (P > 0.05). At 6 months post-intervention, the anxiety and depression scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while the quality of life (all dimensions of SF-36) and self-management ability scores were significantly better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the study group had significantly lower rates of MACE (4.44% vs. 14.44%) and readmission (6.67% vs. 17.78%), as well as higher nursing satisfaction (P < 0.05). Conclusion Targeted nursing based on a multidimensional assessment model can accurately identify and meet the individualized needs of patients with arrhythmia, effectively improve their psychological status, quality of life, and self-management ability, while significantly reducing the risk of long-term adverse events and readmission rates. This model reflects the concept of precise and individualized nursing and possesses significant clinical promotion value.
Keywords : Targeted nursing; Arrhythmia; application
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