蒙东地区主要农业生产气象灾害类型及时空分布特征
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刘欢
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内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗气象局，内蒙古翁牛特旗，024500
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摘要：蒙东地区是我国重要的粮食生产基地，农业生产对区域粮食安全起到关键支撑作用，该区域处于中高纬度与农牧交错带，气候波动大一些，农业生产常年面对多种气象灾害威胁，现有研究大多围绕单一灾种的致灾机理展开分析，对区域内主要灾种的整体识别及其时空演变规律的综合探讨存在不足。本文以该区域主要农作物生长周期为线索，完成干旱、低温冷害、洪涝及风雹等灾害的类型划分，从年际变化、季节波动与县域分布三个维度分析其时空分布格局，目的是系统明确蒙东地区农业生产面临的气象灾害类型构成，以及这类灾害在时间与空间上的分布特征。
关健词：气象灾害；时空分布；蒙东农业 |
Types and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of major meteorological disasters in agricultural productionin eastern Inner Mongolia
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Huan Liu
Ongniud Banner Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ongniud Banner,；Inner Mongolia 024500，China
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Abstract：The eastern Inner Mongolia region is an important grain production base in China, and agricultural production plays a key role in supporting regional food security. The region is located in the middle and high latitudes and the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry. The climate fluctuation is larger, and agricultural production is faced with a variety of meteorological disasters throughout the year. Most of the existing studies focus on the analysis of the disaster causing mechanism of a single disaster type, and there is a lack of comprehensive discussion on the overall identification of major disaster types in the region and their spatio-temporal evolution laws. Taking the growth cycle of main crops in the region as a clue, this paper completed the classification of drought, low temperature and cold damage, flood, wind and hail and other disasters, and analyzed their spatial and temporal distribution pattern from three dimensions of annual change, seasonal fluctuation and county distribution, with the purpose of systematically clarifying the composition of meteorological disasters faced by agricultural production in eastern Mongolia, as well as the distribution characteristics of such disasters in time and space.
Keywords : meteorological disasters；temporal and spatial distribution；agriculture in eastern Mongolia
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